Uluwatu Temple

Uluwatu Temple (Pura Luhur Uluwatu): sacred peak on the edge of a cliff

Pura Luhur Uluwatu, or Pura Luhur Uluwatu, is one of the most sacred places in Bali. The name of the temple comes from two words: “Ulu” - peak, and “Watu” - stone or rock, which reflects its location. The temple is built on a cliff about 95 meters high, overlooking the sea. Its territory offers breathtaking views of the ocean, and in clear weather you can even see the coast of the island of Java. This place looks especially picturesque at sunset, when sunlight fills the cliff with golden hues.

Architecture and structure of the temple

The temple complex is divided into three levels: outer, middle and inner courtyards, each of which has its own meaning and level of access.

1. External courtyard

• At the entrance to the temple there is a stone gate, chandi bentar, designed to protect against evil spirits.

• The main gate is located on the south side, where visitors are greeted by a statue of Ganesha, the god of wisdom and patron of travelers.

• Here is also the Dalem Jurit temple, dedicated to the goddess Rudra Shiva, the patroness of storms, winds and hunting. This temple was built in the 16th century, and next to it there is a well, the water in which does not dry out even in the driest seasons.

2. Middle courtyard

• Leads to the inner part of the complex, where there are gates with figures of elephants and winged deities. The gate is decorated with elaborate carvings of foliage and flowers. They date back to the 10th century and are the oldest in the temple.

• On this level there are steps leading up to shady trees behind which stands a Brahman statue overlooking the ocean.

3. Patio

• This is the most sacred part of the temple, accessible only to the clergy. Here is the throne of the supreme god Sang Hyang Waiden, as well as two halls for ritual ceremonies.

• In the interior of the temple, locals pray to the gods for protection, luck and harmony.

Sacred meaning

For the Balinese, Uluwatu is one of the holiest places on the island. It is revered as the place where the essences of the three main Hindu gods unite:

• Brahma (creator),

• Vishnu (guardian),

• Shiva (destroyer).

The temple is also associated with the sea goddess Devi Laut, who, according to legends, turned her boat into a cliff. Fishermen come here to pray for a calm sea and a successful catch.

Legends and faith

According to beliefs, the cliff on which the temple stands is the frozen boat of the sea goddess. The Balinese are convinced that Uluwatu has a powerful energy that connects the earth, sea and sky. This place personifies the harmony of nature and man, which makes it not only a spiritual, but also a cultural symbol of Bali.

Tips for tourists

• When visiting the temple, you must wear a sarong, which can be rented at the entrance.

• Tourists are not allowed to enter the courtyard, but a walk through the outer and middle courtyards and along the path allows you to enjoy the beauty of this sacred place.

The Uluwatu Temple is a combination of natural grandeur and spiritual power that leaves a lasting impression on all who visit it.

Uluwatu Temple (Pura Luhur Uluwatu): origins, legends and historical stages

The history of the Uluwatu Temple is shrouded in myths and mysteries, and its exact founding date is still controversial among historians. Archaeological research and legends reveal the multi-layered past of this shrine.

Origin of the temple

• 9th century or megalithic era: Recent archaeological excavations indicate that the first religious buildings could have been erected here as early as the 9th century or during the megalithic era.

• X-XI centuries: According to historical data, the temple was founded during the early spread of Hinduism and Buddhism in Bali. Some sources date the construction to the 10th century, others to the 11th century.

• 16th century: The central sanctuary and main structures were added or rebuilt in the 16th century.

Temple founders

• Mpu Kutharana: According to legend, the temple was founded by the Buddhist monk Mpu Kutharana, who is also considered the creator of the Sakenan and Goa Lava temples. However, there is an opinion that the first sanctuary on this site existed even before him.

• Dwijendra (Nirarta): In the 15th century, the monk Dwijendra, also known as Nirarta, lived in the temple. Legend claims that he became the architect of the main sanctuary of Uluwatu and many other temples in Bali, including Lombok and Sumbawa.

• According to legend, the face of the Brahman statue located in the temple is the image of Nirarta himself.

• Legend says that he reached the highest stage of enlightenment and went into nirvana directly with his body, which was accompanied by a bright lightning strike. The temple houses a relic associated with the name of Nirarta - the boat on which he sailed from the island of Java.

Connection to Balinese history

• Kingdom of Mengwi: In the 17th century, during the collapse of the unified Balinese state, Uluwatu became part of the kingdom of Mengwi. As a sea temple, it was one of the three public sanctuaries of the kingdom, complementing the city and mountain temples.

• Rebuildings: Archaeological evidence shows that Uluwatu was not built from scratch during this period. The buildings were only reconstructed and new architectural elements were added.

Test of time

• Lightning 1999: The temple was struck by lightning, causing some of the buildings to be destroyed. However, after restoration, its historical outlines were completely restored.

• Before 1983: Access to the temple was extremely difficult. Visitors climbed a steep path, which made the path dangerous for unprepared tourists. Today, a convenient staircase has greatly simplified access.

Modernity and significance

Uluwatu remains one of Bali's most visited temples due to its spiritual significance, unique location and natural beauty. Every year rituals are held here to maintain harmony between man, nature and the gods. Legends and historical reconstructions make Uluwatu not only a shrine, but also a place that reveals the centuries-old culture of the island.

Or you can visit this temple on an excursion with a local guide, who will tell you more interesting facts about this amazing place, and you also have a unique opportunity to attend the Kecak fire dance.
https://mos-activity.com/en/excursion-uluwatu-kecak